Water is the medium and reactant for many biochemical processes. Water absorption is the first step in germination. Oil and protein in the seed provide the energy required for germination, but the seedbed must have sufficient available water, oxygen and adequate temperature for germination to occur. For example, canola that is flowering is much more sensitive to extreme temperatures, like those exceeding 30 degrees Celsius, than it is during vegetative growth.Ĭanola seed in the seed row Photo credit Scott Gillies Furthermore, depending on what stage the plant is in determines how sensitive it is to the current environmental conditions. This includes air and soil temperature, soil moisture that is available to the plant, photoperiod, solar radiation, fertility, and the presence or absence of crop pests. The BBCH decimal system is comprised of different growth stages (GS) which are each further sub-divided into specific developmental increments 1.Ĭanola will move faster or slower through plant growth, cell division and the accumulation of biomass, or plant development, cell specialization and differentiation or the onset and development of reproductive organs, depending on the current environmental conditions the plant is growing in. For these reasons it is important to be able to properly identify canola growth stages and understand what influences application timing has on them.Ī standardized growth stage scale developed by industry research scientists, called the BBCH decimal system, provides an accurate and simplified approach to describing canola growth stages. More based on crop growth stage can improve the efficiency of the input, prevent crop injury and loss and maximize yield and return on investment of crop inputs. The proper application timing of crop protection products Pesticides (herbicides, insecticides or fungicides) used to protect against or reduce the amount of damage caused by weeds, pest insects or plant diseases. The impact of climatic factors such as soil moisture, rainfall, air and soil temperature, seed germination and emergence, and the efficiency of crop inputs such as fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides and fungicides drive the rate (speed) of plant growth and development. In order to make effective crop management decisions, it is helpful to understand the different canola growth stages throughout the growing season, from planting to harvest.
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